> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9.md).

# Chapter 9: Overview of monitoring (Revised 2021)

- [9.1 Introduction](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.1-introduction.md)
- [9.2 Monitoring overview](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.2-monitoring-overview.md)
- [9.2.1 Monitoring priorities](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.2-monitoring-overview/9.2.1-monitoring-priorities.md)
- [9.2.2 Principles of monitoring frequency](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.2-monitoring-overview/9.2.2-principles-of-monitoring-frequency.md)
- [9.2.3 Catchment-to-consumer monitoring](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.2-monitoring-overview/9.2.3-catchment-to-consumer-monitoring.md)
- [9.3 Developing a monitoring program](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.3-developing-a-monitoring-program.md)
- [9.4 Operational monitoring](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring.md)
- [9.4.1 Operational characteristics](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.1-operational-characteristics.md)
- [9.4.2 Target criteria](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.2-target-criteria.md)
- [9.4.3 Critical limits at critical control points](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.3-critical-limits-at-critical-control-points.md)
- [9.4.4 Corrective action](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.4-corrective-action.md)
- [9.4.5 Operational monitoring frequency](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.5-operational-monitoring-frequency.md)
- [9.4.6 Chlorination as a critical control point: an example](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.4-operational-monitoring/9.4.6-chlorination-as-a-critical-control-point-an-example.md)
- [9.5 Verification of drinking water quality](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.5-verification-of-drinking-water-quality.md)
- [9.5.1 Monitoring consumer satisfaction](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.5-verification-of-drinking-water-quality/9.5.1-monitoring-consumer-satisfaction.md)
- [9.5.2 Drinking water quality monitoring](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.5-verification-of-drinking-water-quality/9.5.2-drinking-water-quality-monitoring.md)
- [9.6 Water quality issues beyond the point of supply (updated 2025)](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.6-water-quality-issues-beyond-the-point-of-supply.md)
- [9.7 Investigative studies and research monitoring](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.7-investigative-studies-and-research-monitoring.md)
- [9.8 Validation of barrier performance](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.8-validation-of-barrier-performance.md)
- [9.9 Incident and emergency response monitoring](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.9-incident-and-emergency-response-monitoring.md)
- [9.10 Reliability of monitoring data](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data.md)
- [9.10.1 Sample integrity](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data/9.10.1-sample-integrity.md)
- [9.10.2 Methods](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data/9.10.2-methods.md)
- [9.10.3 Detection limits](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data/9.10.3-detection-limits.md)
- [9.10.4 Measurement uncertainty](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data/9.10.4-measurement-uncertainty.md)
- [9.10.5 Field testing](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.10-reliability-of-monitoring-data/9.10.5-field-testing.md)
- [9.11 Monitoring advice for small, remote or community-managed water supplies](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.11-monitoring-advice-for-small-remote-or-community-managed-water-supplies.md)
- [9.12 Assessing the significance of short-term exceedances of health-based guideline values](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.12-assessing-the-significance-of-short-term-exceedances-of-health-based-guideline-values.md)
- [9.13 References](https://guidelines.nhmrc.gov.au/australian-drinking-water-guidelines/part-3/chapter-9/9.13-references.md)